![]() ![]() As a diplomat from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Shidehara had long grappled with the issue of how to ensure diplomatic coherence in modern Japan, which was becoming increasingly democratic. The best embodiment of diplomacy in Japan’s emerging democracy-the development of parliamentary democracy and mass-based democracy-is Shidehara Kijūrō (1872–1951), who served as foreign minister from 1924 to 1927 and from 1929 to 1931, and was prime minister from 1945 to 1946. After the Russo-Japanese War, political parties began to take power in Japan. In non-Western countries, democratisation originated in the nineteenth century and has had many successes and failures. This dilemma is not unique to the twenty-first century it has been a constant challenge to the development of democracy. The challenge can be described as a dilemma between democracy and diplomatic coherence. The question of how to maintain the continuity of diplomacy while developing democracy without military intervention is an old and new issue. ![]()
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